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社评“海角社区原创1120.7126”-知识课堂

黄天骥谈古典海角社区原创1120.7126诗词理解:“知人论世”很重要

来源: 新民晚报
2025-01-03 18:17:46

最佳回答

“海角社区原创1120.7126”黄天骥谈古典海角社区原创1120.7126诗词理解:“知人论世”很重要

  中新海角社区原创1120.7126网广州1月3日电 (程景伟 海角社区原创1120.7126赵沚琦)中山大学中文系教授黄天骥、董上德近日受邀出席“花城文学课”第13讲,就“古典诗词的理解和欣赏”这一主题进行了分享与对话。

中山大学中文系教授黄天骥。花城出版社 供图

  在讲座中,黄天骥强调了中国古典诗词的重要性,“中国的诗歌、诗词在全世界应该是最多的。我们有几千年的历史,也有几千年的诗歌创作史。在全世界,我们是一个诗歌的超级大国。”

  黄天骥表示,流传至今的唐诗近6万首、宋词约2万首,表明中国的诗歌创作源远流长,展现了中华民族深厚的文化底蕴。

“花城文学课”第13讲现场。花城出版社 供图

  黄天骥提到了诗歌的音乐性和艺术性。他称,诗歌本质上是抒情性的文学,全世界的诗歌都与音乐紧密相关,“既然叫做诗歌,那它必然是用来唱的。西方诗歌讲究重音和押韵,而中国诗歌从《诗经》开始就具有音乐性。”

  “诗歌不要忘记这个‘歌’字,不要忘记它的音乐性。我觉得这是读诗词时首先要考虑的一个问题。”黄天骥认为,理解诗歌的音乐性和语言特点,对于理解和欣赏诗歌至关重要。

  对于如何准确读懂诗歌及其背后蕴藏的真实意图,黄天骥强调了理解诗歌时“知人论世”的重要性。他以宋代苏东坡《惠州一绝/食荔枝》和唐代李白《早发白帝城》等名篇为例进行了分析。黄天骥提到,苏东坡写下“日啖荔枝三百颗,不辞长作岭南人”,按照字面上的意思,意味着他一天要吃三至五斤荔枝,这不大符合事实。实际上,苏东坡因为屡被贬官,心里有气而说反话,“要留在岭南不回去了”。

  “知道诗人当时所处的历史背景、他的遭遇,那是很重要的。”黄天骥通过举例,展示了如何通过了解诗人当时的生活状况和时代背景来更深刻地理解诗歌。

  在与黄天骥对谈时,董上德也表示,解读诗歌时,要回到诗人的构思和立意,以“知人论世”的方法,借助读者的想象力,“还原”诗歌作品的场景,较为完整地理解诗歌的意境以及诗人的艺术追求。

  据悉,花城出版社、花城文学院以及《花城》杂志、《随笔》杂志于2024年共同推出“花城文学课”,陈晓明、葛剑雄、叶兆言等一批名家学者受邀登台开讲,备受广大读者欢迎。(完)

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