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社评“toughtested硬汉系列”-译文小记

AI可为败血症患toughtested硬汉系列者优选抗生素

来源: 新快报
2024-12-18 18:12:23

最佳回答

“toughtested硬汉系列”AI可为败血症患toughtested硬汉系列者优选抗生素

  科技toughtested硬汉系列日报 李山

 toughtested硬汉系列 德国科学家成功开发出首个能够为败血症患者进行个性化抗生素优化选择的人工智能(AI)模型。相关成果发表在新一期医学期刊《npj数字医学》上。

  败血症是当身体免疫系统对感染产生极端反应时出现的一种危及生命的疾病,是德国最常见的死亡原因之一,平均每天约有160人因此死亡。由于在治疗开始时病原体通常是未知的,医生经常求助于广谱抗生素,但这可能会导致严重的副作用,例如肾脏或肝脏损伤。现在,德国科学家尝试利用AI来协助选择更合适的抗生素,以应对这一挑战。

  在莱法州卫生部门资助下,一个由科布伦茨大学、科布伦茨应用科技大学和波恩大学医学院科学家组成的团队开发出首个在线抗生素选择模型(OptAB)。该模型完全基于AI数据驱动,适用于考虑副作用的败血症患者。其目标是最大限度提高治疗成功率(以SOFA评分衡量),同时尽可能减少肾脏和肝脏损伤等严重副作用。

  OptAB模型基于将神经网络与微分方程相结合的创新算法,可以处理以不规则测量、缺失值和时间相关混杂因素为特征的复杂患者数据。OptAB可以为万古霉素、头孢曲松和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(组合)提供疾病进展预测,并根据肌酐、总胆红素和丙氨酸转氨酶等实验值,提供有关病程和可能副作用的精确预测。

  OptAB确定的最佳抗生素组合比临床实践中常用的广谱抗生素更快显示出有效性,展示了医学和AI结合带来的突破性创新。研究人员还计划进一步检验结果以测试模型的稳健性,以尽快将这一模型用于实际诊疗中。

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