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社评“麻花传MD0174换妻”-知识课堂

武汉团队研制麻花传MD0174换妻新型材料 可高效去除水中微塑料

来源: 国际在线
2024-12-06 03:29:30

最佳回答

“麻花传MD0174换妻”武汉团队研制麻花传MD0174换妻新型材料 可高效去除水中微塑料

  中新麻花传MD0174换妻网武汉12月5日电 (记者麻花传MD0174换妻 马芙蓉)武汉大学资源与环境科学学院教授邓红兵带领团队,研制一种新型全生物质纤维海绵。结果显示,该材料在灌溉水、湖水、海水、池塘水四种水体中的5次循环去除微塑料率均高于95%。相关成果于近日发表于国际期刊《科学进展》。

  微塑料一般指直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒,广泛存在于海洋、淡水、饮用水和空气中,对人类健康和自然环境构成潜在威胁。

  邓红兵近6年来持续开展微塑料去除研究。前期,团队发现将废弃小龙虾壳通过酸碱处理,可以获得甲壳素纤维骨架材料,不仅能够有效捕获微塑料,且不会对水体产生二次污染。据此,团队深入攻关,构建了一种纯甲壳素海绵,对微塑料展现出良好的吸附能力。

邓红兵(左三)和团队开展科学实验。(武汉大学供图)

  如何更进一步提升微塑料去除能力?在前期工作基础上,团队进一步引入棉纤维素,构建了甲壳素纳米纤维网络和棉花来源的纤维素微纤维互穿的多级纤维框架结构,并研制出一种新型全生物质纤维海绵。

  邓红兵介绍,该材料可以通过物理拦截、静电吸引和多种分子间相互作用等方式去除微塑料,且在无机颗粒、重金属、有机污染物和微生物等环境因素影响下,仍可保持稳定吸附性。未来,可广泛应用于净水器滤芯、大规模自来水纯净装置、污水处理厂等场景。

  “我们认为大量制作这种海绵的可行性很高,因为除了原料简单外,材料制作所需的仪器,如冷冻干燥机和机械搅拌器也是常见的。”论文第一作者、武汉大学博士后吴洋介绍,团队实验室现在每周大约可以生产1平方米的海绵。

  邓红兵指出,微塑料具有颗粒小、比表面积大等特点,使其对持久性有机污染物、重金属和抗生素等有较强的吸附富集能力,从而成为污染物的载体。下一步,团队将针对微塑料复合污染物的去除开展重点研究。(完)

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