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“把萝卜不盖被子”-译文小记

国家消防救援局:把萝卜不盖被子冬季火灾有六个特点

来源: 每日经济新闻
2024-11-23 18:49:18

最佳回答

“把萝卜不盖被子”国家消防救援局:把萝卜不盖被子冬季火灾有六个特点

  中新把萝卜不盖被子网11月22日电 国家消防把萝卜不盖被子救援局22日就近期消防安全形势和当前消防救援工作举行新闻发布会。会上,国家消防救援局办公室高级指挥长王玮表示,冬季天干物燥,历来也是全年的火灾高发期。从前五年的火灾数据来分析,2019年至2023年这五年,冬季年均接报火灾26.2万起,亡848人、伤604人,损失22.7亿元,分别占当年火灾的38%、45.1%、30.7%和34.4%。2022年河南安阳“1121”凯信达商贸有限公司的火灾,还有今年江西新余“124”冷库火灾等重特大火灾都是发生在冬季。

  冬季火灾有六个比较突出的特点:

  第一,乡镇农村地区亡人火灾多发。因为现在广大的农村地区还没有实现集中供暖,冬季的用火、用电的取火行为也增加了火灾的风险。近五年,冬季乡镇农村地区火灾起数和亡人数分别占冬季火灾总数的57.5%和亡人数的54%,高于城市地区冬季火灾38.2%和43.3%的占比。另外,乡镇农村地区较大火灾也是占城乡总数的54.1%。

  第二,居住场所“小火亡人”现象比较突出。近五年年均接报冬季住宅火灾9.6万起、亡697人,分别占冬季火灾总数36.9%和82%,是火灾亡人最为多发的场所;分别占全年住宅火灾总数的39%和48.9%。其中,高层住宅火灾占住宅火灾总数的4.8%,但亡人占总数的12.2%。

  第三,户外火灾发生概率明显增高。冬季气候干燥,户外可燃物多。近五年,每年四成的户外火灾发生在冬季,日均起数较夏秋季节上升了74.7%。同时,冬季大风天气多,火灾蔓延速度非常快,日均火灾损失也较夏秋季节上升33.9%。

  第四,重点场所室内火灾风险上升。约有43%的冬季火灾发生在建构筑物内,室内日均火灾起数及亡人数分别较夏秋季节上升29.4%和96.3%。其中,商场、市场、医院、养老院、娱乐场所、室内交通场站、仓库、厂房及化工企业等重点单位火灾概率也较夏秋季节均有所上升。

  第五,动火用电引发火灾较多。近五年,冬季接报电气故障、生活用火不慎引发的火灾分别占冬季火灾27.5%和22.6%,是冬季火灾最主要原因,遗留火种、吸烟以及燃放烟火爆竹等引发的火灾相对集中,分别占全年同类火灾的50.2%、39.5%和71.7%。

  第六,夜间时段火灾亡人占比较高。近五年,冬季夜间共发生火灾52万起,占冬季火灾总数的39.8%,累计造成2380人死亡,占冬季火灾亡人总数56.1%;夜间发生较大火灾100起、亡364人,占冬季较大火灾数近七成。

  王玮表示,针对以上这些特点,国家消防救援局将加大对重点领域火灾防控力度,坚决防范化解重大安全风险,遏制重特大火灾事故发生。社会各界也要加强防范,各重点场所要落实消防安全管理制度和措施,自查自纠火灾隐患,降低火灾风险。居民家庭也要增强消防安全意识,安全用火用电用气,并且学习掌握疏散逃生自救常识。消防救援队伍始终保持24小时执勤备战,提高灭火救援作战效能,随时做好“灭大火、打大仗”各项准备。

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