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“69ⅩⅩXX”-环球时报

联合国报告:北极69ⅩⅩXX冻土融化或释放潜藏致命微生物

来源: 南方都市报
2025-01-08 15:28:03

最佳回答

“69ⅩⅩXX”联合国报告:北极69ⅩⅩXX冻土融化或释放潜藏致命微生物

  中新69ⅩⅩXX网北京1月8日电  日内瓦消息69ⅩⅩXX:联合国环境规划署(UNEP)和国际科学理事会(ISC)7日发布的最新报告指出,随着气候变化加剧,北极永久冻土融化可能释放出长期冰封的致命微生物,对人类健康和生态系统构成严重威胁。

  报告指出,北极地区覆盖着1400万平方公里的永久冻土层,包含大量被冰封的微生物。随着北极气温以全球平均水平4倍的速度急剧攀升,永久冻土融化可能释放出这些沉睡数千年的细菌和病毒。据估算,每年因永久冻土融化释放的微生物数量可达4000万亿个。

  联合国环境规划署指出,尤其令人担忧的是冻土中埋藏着众多携带休眠病原体的动物尸体。病原体在人类与动物之间传播并非新现象,但北极永久冻土融化可能会在新的地区引发疫情。随着北极航运、采矿等活动增多,人类接触到融化冻土和微生物的风险也在增加。

  报告举例称,2016年夏季,西伯利亚亚马尔半岛的永久冻土因异常高温而融化,导致了炭疽病菌的释放,造成超过2500头驯鹿死亡,并引发多起人类感染病例,其中一名12岁男孩病亡。

  报告还指出,永久冻土中储存着约1500亿吨碳,相当于大气中碳含量的两倍。一旦冻土融化,将释放出大量的二氧化碳和甲烷等温室气体,进一步推动全球变暖,形成恶性循环。

  联合国环境规划署呼吁各国立即采取措施减少温室气体排放,同时加强对永久冻土退化的监测力度,并加大对冻土微生物研究的投入,为全球应对气候变化和潜在生物威胁提供科学依据与有力支撑。(完)

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