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社评“rule34 minus8 ankha”-知识课堂

(新春见闻)指尖rule34 minus8 ankha上的年味:京派剪纸剪出蛇年新气象

来源: 深圳新闻网
2025-01-16 17:22:05

最佳回答

“rule34 minus8 ankha”(新春见闻)指尖rule34 minus8 ankha上的年味:京派剪纸剪出蛇年新气象

  中新rule34 minus8 ankha社北京1月16日电 题:指尖rule34 minus8 ankha上的年味:京派剪纸剪出蛇年新气象

  作者 周昕

  身着暗红色中式盘扣上衣,张晓林管这身打扮叫“行头”。

  临近蛇年新春,教完社区的孩子们剪“福”字,非遗京派剪纸第三代传承人张晓林回到工作室,打开边角有些磨损的棕色工具包,选了一把刀口细长、手柄上裹满胶布的小号剪刀,和女儿张立君一起,继续为订购春节“蛇盘兔”图样的客户赶制作品。

  “就蛇年图样的预订情况来看,我们估计要剪到大年二十九了。”张立君指着墙上的成品向记者介绍,《蛇盘兔必定富》《乙巳蛇年平安如意》《双蛇有福》《福禄寿三星蛇》……父女二人设计了十余款祝颂乙巳蛇年的图样。

  “蛇盘兔,必定富。”这句流传于中国民间的谚语,在方寸红纸之间有了具象化的表达。

  量、裁、订、画、剪,是京派剪纸必须有的步骤。

  按照“先里后外、先难后易”的方法,张晓林先从代表动物皮毛的“锯齿纹”着手。“刀锋使劲儿。”他用右手推着剪刀扎入纹样,左手慢慢转动纸张,保持剪刀“小碎步”前进。根据纸间空隙大小不同,张晓林选用不同规格的剪刀进行裁剪。

  “有景必有图,有图必有意,有意必吉祥。”张晓林介绍起主图与辅图之间的关系——蛇回头看向兔子,活泼好动的兔子也望着蛇向上跳跃,用“如意祥云”连接起主图中的蛇和兔子,让两种动物之间产生了呼应;辅图中蛇身后的六叶草表达着“六六大顺”的美好祝愿;蛇尾“富”字的填补让整个图样显得更加饱满……

非遗京派剪纸第三代传承人张晓林在剪“蛇盘兔”图样。 中新社记者 张祥毅 摄

  从“土法上马”到“推陈出新”,京派剪纸这项非遗技艺在不断焕新。色彩均匀的印刷彩纸代替了手工刷大红纸、订书机代替了过去的“纸捻儿钻孔固定”、机器复印代替了“煤油灯拓印法”。张晓林说,新技术在各环节的运用提高了成品制作的效率,也在助力一笔一刀“雕刻”出来的纸上艺术得到更好传承。

  张晓林家传的北京民俗剪纸起源于民国初年。这门“做减法”的镂空艺术,张晓林已深耕66年。虽然记不清用坏过多少把剪刀,但有多块磨刀石已被他磨断了。“京派剪纸是花时间磨出来的老手艺。学会是相对容易的,但要用一辈子去学好。”他说。

张晓林用断的磨刀石。(受访者供图)

  从“剪纸招吾魂”到“裁红巧逼真”,纸上功夫的表达运用也在因时而变。“图案栩栩如生,不论是作为礼物,还是自己收藏,展示出来倍儿有面子!”预订了“蛇盘兔”图样的客户曾先生表示,能把蛇年的新气象、吉祥美好的寓意“藏”在生肖剪纸里送给朋友,也是春节期间传递美好祝福的一种新方式。

  “在原汁原味传承传统技艺的同时,我更想让大家先关注到它的趣味性,再去增加学习的欲望。”作为京派剪纸第四代传承人,张立君介绍自己设计研发的文创,在冰箱贴、红包封面、耳饰上融入剪纸元素,让这项老手艺“贴着地面行走”。

  放下剪刀,对着灯光,张晓林举起作品细看“纹理”。在他看来,刀落镂出的每一处通透风景,都是与传统手艺的“深情对望”。(完)

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