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解惑“把萝卜不盖被子”-知识课堂

“静电颜色把萝卜不盖被子挑战”火爆网络 爱人间的静电真是粉色吗?

来源: 信息时报
2025-01-23 06:23:35

最佳回答

“把萝卜不盖被子”“静电颜色把萝卜不盖被子挑战”火爆网络 爱人间的静电真是粉色吗?

  ◎本报把萝卜不盖被子记者 王姗姗

把萝卜不盖被子

  最近,“静电颜色挑战”在网络上走红,大量网友跟风模仿。许多社交媒体博主称,当两个相爱的人接触时,如果产生的静电呈粉色,那么说明他们之间是“真爱”,而且颜色越粉感情越稳。

  那么,静电究竟是什么颜色的?用其来判断“真爱”有科学依据吗?科技日报记者就此采访了宁波大学物理科学与技术学院教师胡绪瑞。

  静电火花由物体表面电荷累积产生

  胡绪瑞介绍,静电是一种常见的物理现象。物质由原子构成,原子包含带正电的质子、不带电的中子以及带负电的电子。当物体与物体发生摩擦、接触以及感应时,一个物体的原子可能失去电子,另一个物体的原子可能获得电子。失去电子的物体带正电,而获得电子的物体带负电,这种现象被称为电子转移。当这两个物体分离,由于电荷不易通过空气转移,导致物体表面保持电荷差异,形成静电。当静电积累到一定程度,会击穿空气放电,出现人们常见的电火花。

  静电的产生往往和气候、环境等因素相关。冬季空气湿度低,皮肤和衣物表面的水分减少,导致电荷不易散发,形成静电。此外,化纤等冬季衣服常见面料也易积累静电。

  颜色受空气分子组成等影响

  静电有颜色吗?胡绪瑞说,静电本身并没有颜色,人们看到的静电颜色,是其放电时产生的电弧的颜色。

  静电电弧由带电粒子组成。当空气中有电流通过,空气中的氮气分子、氧气分子、氩气分子及二氧化碳分子等在电离作用下,形成等离子体,即静电电弧。它的颜色是空气中各种气体分子电离后叠加的结果。

  正常情况下,空气中的氮气分子、氧气分子含量最高。氮气分子和氧气分子经电离后,会变成能发蓝紫色光的氮气等离子体和氧气等离子体,因此人们常见的静电为蓝紫色。当空气水分子含量发生变化、静电电弧电压较小时,电弧就可能呈现粉红色。

  “除空气分子组成因素外,空气湿度、温度等也会影响静电电弧颜色。”胡绪瑞解释,静电电弧颜色变化是一种正常的物理现象,与人的情感无关。因此,用静电颜色判断“真爱”缺乏科学依据。(科技日报)

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