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“tobu81004k”-环球时报

打通天山分tobu81004k几步?探秘天山胜利隧道“通关秘籍”

来源: 新京报
2024-12-31 01:32:30

最佳回答

“tobu81004k”打通天山分tobu81004k几步?探秘天山胜利隧道“通关秘籍”

  在新tobu81004k疆,天山可以说是一座特别的tobu81004k山,一山分南北,造就了秀美风光的同时,也成为新疆南北往来与发展的瓶颈。

  1983年、2021年,西线的独库公路和东线的巴哈公路先后开通,但它们远远不能满足日益增长的交通需求。

  为此,从2020年初,中国的建设者们开始了一项异乎寻常的超级工程,他们修建了一条穿越天山的高速公路。其中,最艰难的就是打通天山中长达22.13公里的胜利隧道。有了它,穿越天山从将近3小时缩短到20分钟。

  那么,打通天山到底分几步?

  第一步,勘测。世界七大山系之一的天山,如同一个巨大的屏障,把广阔的新疆分成南北两半。天山这么大,为了摸清它,就要先用卫星遥感、地质测绘等技术给天山做个“全身扫描”,细节摸得清清楚楚,隧道该从哪儿开挖就有数啦。

  第二步:画图。把隧道的每个细节在图纸上规划得明明白白。用电脑模拟施工过程,把有可能出现的问题先模拟一遍。有了这一步,施工的走向和布局就能明确下来。

  最关键的第三步,就是“隧道开凿”大作战。

  我们先说工艺。和以前挖隧道大多采用“双洞对挖”的方式不同,这次天山胜利隧道为了跟时间赛跑,采用“三洞”加“四竖井”工艺。“三洞”就好比在天山肚子里平行插了三根长长的吸管,“四竖井”就是在吸管旁建了四组辅助通道,负责通风换气等。“三洞”中的左、右两个主洞将来是车辆南北通行的主干道,中导洞则是具有服务功能的隧道。

  再看工具。两台“吞石巨兽”——“天山号”和“胜利号”硬岩掘进机是为打通天山量身定做的。刀盘直径8.43米,接近3层楼高度。工作时,这对“双胞胎”从中导洞的两端朝中间“双向奔赴”。打通天山可不容易,不仅隧道长度破纪录,还要穿越tobu81004k16条地质断裂带,这就如同在豆腐脑里雕花。特别是在穿越F6地质带时,36天的隧道涌水量,相当于近30个标准游泳池的水量,掘进速度一下就踩了急刹车,从每天35米锐减到每天只能走3到5米。

  为了啃下这个“硬骨头”,建设者们采用“长隧短打”策略。也就是根据现场工作情况,每隔一段距离,通过“打横洞”的方式,增加新的工作面,实现中导洞和两个主洞连接,从而将主洞分成好多小段同时开挖,实现“长隧短打”。这个办法让工期直接从72个月缩短到52个月,创下了世界同类型高速公路隧道建设工期缩短的新纪录!

  (总台央视记者 王琰 翟壮 丛威娜 郑连凯 李伟代)

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