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解惑“ju162外勤中突然下大雨”-译文小记

2025年比ju162外勤中突然下大雨乙巳蛇年少19天!为何公历年与农历年“时差”时长时短?

来源: 海外网
2025-01-02 03:31:02

最佳回答

“ju162外勤中突然下大雨”2025年比ju162外勤中突然下大雨乙巳蛇年少19天!为何公历年与农历年“时差”时长时短?

  2025年的ju162外勤中突然下大雨第一天已经到来。公历2025ju162外勤中突然下大雨年有365天,比即将到来的农历乙巳蛇年全年384天短。而2024年全年366天,比甲辰龙年的354天要长。为什么公历年与农历年的“时差”时长时短?

  “公历、农历年各年‘时差’不同与置闰规则有关。”中国科学院紫金山天文台科普主管王科超解释说,现行公历是一种阳历,太阳连续两次经过春分点的时间间隔即为一回归年,平均长度约为365.2422天。由于一回归年的平均长度并非整数,公历年设置了平年和闰年,平年365天,闰年366天。公历年中,每一个可以被4整除的年份是闰年,多出2月29日这一天,但遇到整世纪年必须被400整除才置闰年,遵循“四年一闰,百年不闰,四百年再闰”的规则。

  我国传统的历法农历,则兼顾了月亮圆缺变化的周期和回归年的长度,是一部阴阳合历。王科超说,一个朔望月平均约为29.53天。取整计数,农历月分为大月和小月,大月30天,小月29天。一个农历平年有12个月,长度为354天或355天,比一个回归年少大约11天。

  为了让农历年长度接近回归年,并且月份顺序与四季相符,农历历法中以设置闰月的办法来弥补“时间差”。闰月的安排与节气相关,在农历年中,冬至后第一个没有中气的朔望月被确定为闰月。中气指从立春开始排序的二十四节气中偶数序列的12个节气(如雨水、春分、谷雨等)。一个农历闰年有13个月,长度384天左右。大约每19个农历年中有7个闰年,因而有“十九年七闰”的说法。

  公历2024年是闰年,全年366天,农历甲辰龙年是平年,全年354天,这一年的公历年比农历年长12天。而公历2025年是平年,全年365天,农历乙巳蛇年是闰年,闰六月,全年384天,反过来比公历年足足多出19天。

  历法不仅是一种制定时序的法则,更是文化传承的载体。“中国人基于日月运行规律、物候变换周期,以及农业生产生活节律,创造了传统历法体系,蕴含着顺应天时、礼敬自然的智慧,也在适应时代变迁中展现出勃勃生机。”王科超说。

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