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“欧美⭕⭕⭕⭕BBBB”-译文小记

提前还房贷到底亏欧美⭕⭕⭕⭕BBBB不亏

来源: 每日经济新闻
2024-11-29 07:53:08

最佳回答

“欧美⭕⭕⭕⭕BBBB”提前还房贷到底亏欧美⭕⭕⭕⭕BBBB不亏

  近日欧美⭕⭕⭕⭕BBBB,“提前还房贷的人后悔了欧美⭕⭕⭕⭕BBBB吗”词条冲上社交媒体热搜,引发热议。事情的起因是,随着存量房贷利率集中调降,多数借款人的利率普遍下降了约0.5个百分点,部分降幅高达1%;此外,存量房贷利率已经开启了重定价周期调整工作,每位借款人的房贷利率有望“提前”降低。相比之下,部分提前还房贷的购房者认为自己“亏了”,因此感到后悔。

  提前还房贷的人真的“亏了”吗?事实并非“盈亏”这么简单。如果“亏”是指赔了钱,那么可以确定的是,提前还房贷的人并没有赔钱,相反,他们减少了整体的利息支出。如果“亏”是指收益降低,那么这里面有三个逻辑需要厘清,一是利息起源,二是机会成本,三是实际利率。

  先看第一个问题,人们为何要贷款。很多人的第一反应是,因为资金暂时不够,这只是贷款需求的一种情况。另一种情况是,由于不同人对未来的看法不同,耐心程度也就不一样,有的人愿意早一点实现更具确定性的消费,有的人愿意接受晚一点的、更具不确定性的消费。利息是对推迟消费、接受不确定性、提供流动性、承担信用风险的那些人的补偿。例如,某借款人拥有足额资金,但是他认为,如果把这笔钱用于其他用途,自己能获得更高收益,或者能更好地在突发事件储备、抚养子女、赡养父母等方面筑牢安全坝,这时,他很可能会选择贷款购房、支付利息,而非全款购房。

  再看第二个问题,贷款的机会成本。既然选择了贷款、支付利息,借款人因此放弃了什么呢?所谓机会成本,就是你选择了这个选项后,放弃的所有其他可选选项中价值最高的那个。举个例子,借款人手里有笔钱,可用于两个用途。一是提前偿还房贷,减少后续的利息支出;二是投资某理财产品,虽然收益率不确定,但借款人心中有一个大致的预期值。这时,该借款人通常会思考,如何让这笔资金的效益最大化,即考虑、比较提前还房贷的机会成本。尽管机会成本问题没有标准答案,具体情况因人而异,但其背后的核心逻辑是固定的。

  最后看第三个问题,房贷的实际利率。多数借款人计算、对比的是名义利率。然而,贷款要看实际利率。后者是经过通货膨胀矫正的利率,等于名义利率减去通货膨胀率。举个虚拟例子。如果贷款的名义利率为5%,通货膨胀率为3%,实际利率就是2%,通货紧缩则反之。因此,即便在存量房贷利率集中调降之前,借款人4%左右的房贷利率也并非实际利率,而是名义利率。

  房贷话题屡登热搜、讨论不断,折射出社会公众对于民生问题的高度关切。努力奋斗、安居乐业、降低额外支出,这既是百姓所愿,也理应是美好现实。因此,借款人在具体决策时要厘清“是否应提前还房贷”的核心逻辑,结合个人收入结构、经济规划、对经济指标走向的研判等各种因素,审慎作出更适合自己的选择,不必人云亦云,陷入简单的“盈亏”“后悔”思维。

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