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“日B日B”-译文小记

专家:胃癌发日B日B病呈年轻化趋势 高危因素需重视

来源: 中青在线
2024-12-20 05:37:32

最佳回答

“日B日B”专家:胃癌发日B日B病呈年轻化趋势 高危因素需重视

  中新日B日B网广州12月19日电 (日B日B记者 蔡敏婕)“近年来胃癌发病呈现年轻化趋势。这与现代社会快节奏的生活、不健康的作息和饮食习惯密切相关。”中山大学附属第六医院副院长、肿瘤科主任邓艳红近日接受记者采访时提到,幽门螺杆菌感染、刺激性饮食、不规律作息及遗传因素等也是胃癌发生的高危因素。

  胃癌是我国民众消化系统最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率、死亡率高,然而由于发现晚、诊断晚,导致确诊时患者晚期占比高、预后情况差。

  “我国是胃癌大国,发病率在所有肿瘤中排名第四,死亡率则位居第三。”邓艳红在采访中指出,最新数据显示,我国胃癌发病人数已占全球总病例数的三分之一以上,虽然近年来我国胃癌的发病率和病死率总体已呈下降趋势,然而由于饮食与生活习惯的改变,发病人群却出现了年轻化态势,19岁至35岁青年人的胃癌发病率明显上升。

  此外,与同样是胃癌高发地区的日本相比,我国胃癌的早期确诊率低,这给胃癌的诊疗带来了诸多挑战。邓艳红指出,早期胃癌可以手术切除,5年生存率可达90%以上,患者生活质量高、花费少;然而,一旦胃癌进入进展期,分期越晚,患者的5年生存率越低。尽管免疫治疗、靶向治疗等新疗法有望在未来延长患者生存期,但是晚期胃癌患者的总体生存时间仍在两年左右徘徊。

  随着分子生物学和基因组学的发展,越来越多的胃癌相关分子标志物被发现并应用于临床,这为胃癌的精准诊疗提供了可能。“特别是针对HER2(人表皮生长因子受体2)阳性的胃癌患者,新型ADC药物的问世为治疗带来了显著突破。”邓艳红说,ADC药物类似于导弹,把这些化疗药物精准地带到肿瘤细胞的周围,“这样能够既提高疗效,又能够减少对于全身的没有HER2高表达的这些细胞的损伤”。

  胃癌预后与诊断和治疗时机密切相关。邓艳红表示,加大卫生资源投入、推广胃镜检查及研发先进技术等措施有助于提高我国胃癌早诊率,“我们国家为什么胃癌的早诊率低?主要原因是对于胃癌的高危人群的早筛没有很好地普及,以及症状不太典型”。

  邓艳红呼吁:“公众应更加关注自身健康状况,定期进行体检和筛查。同时,政府和社会各界也应共同努力,加大胃癌防控投入力度,推动我国胃癌诊疗水平的持续提升。”(完)

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