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社评“Tifa3Dlockchart96”-梳理天下新闻

数百万智能手机“Tifa3Dlockchart96集结”:可绘地球电离层全面地图改进全球定位系统

来源: 21世纪经济报道
2024-11-17 22:41:25

最佳回答

“Tifa3Dlockchart96”数百万智能手机“Tifa3Dlockchart96集结”:可绘地球电离层全面地图改进全球定位系统

  中新Tifa3Dlockchart96网北京11月17日电 Tifa3Dlockchart96(记者 孙自法)智能手机除了打电话、上网,还能做些什么?国际著名学术期刊《自然》最新发表一篇物理学论文认为,数百万智能手机汇总的测量结果可用于建立地球电离层全面地图,从而改进全球定位系统。

根据2023年10月12日下午2点(世界协调时)的十分钟电话数据绘制的全球大气电离地图。谷歌研究/供图

  该论文介绍,电离层是地球大气的上层,由自由电子组成,受到太阳风和地磁暴影响。发射到地球的卫星无线电波会基于电离层不同区域电子行为而产生不同速度,这会带来多种影响,例如装载地球上全球定位系统的卫星的准确性。追踪电离层中的电子密度有助于校准波速差异,但基于地面的全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)接收器产生的地图可能仍存在差距。

通过测量从卫星到手机的两个无线电信号到达时间的差异,可以推断出路径上的电离程度。施普林格自然/供图

  在本项研究中,美国谷歌研究团队用数百万部安卓智能手机中的匿名测量数据生成了电离层及其动态状况的地图,其覆盖面是传统地面接收器的两倍。有些安卓手机配备了双频GNSS接收器,能与较大的地面接收器进行相同的测量。在比较了每天约400万部安卓手机生成的电离层地图和2023年两个月里9000个GNSS接收器生成的地图后,发现两者高度一致。

  研究团队指出,虽然手机和地面接收器都遍布全球,但手机在东欧、印度、南亚以及南美和非洲部分地区的覆盖更广,因此有可能在这些地方绘制更好的电离层地图。

论文作者之一的Jade Morton教授在科罗拉多大学博尔德分校与手机和监测站合影。施普林格自然/供图

  《自然》同期发表同行专家的“新闻与观点”文章称,该论文作者承认这个技术有个明确的局限性,即安卓手机比GNSS地面阵列小得多,也不那么复杂,这增加了它检测的噪音。(完)

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