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社评“甘雨爽...好大...快...深点h”-梳理天下新闻

嫦娥六号月球甘雨爽...好大...快...深点h样品研究新进展:月球背面存在年轻的岩浆活动

来源: IT之家
2024-11-16 07:55:58

最佳回答

“甘雨爽...好大...快...深点h”嫦娥六号月球甘雨爽...好大...快...深点h样品研究新进展:月球背面存在年轻的岩浆活动

  近日甘雨爽...好大...快...深点h,我国科学家在嫦娥六号月球样品甘雨爽...好大...快...深点h研究方面取得重大进展,首次揭示月球背面同样存在着年轻的岩浆活动,为揭示月球二分性、完善全月演化框架提供了关键科学证据。相关研究成果于北京时间11月15日在线发表于国际顶级学术期刊《科学》。

  月球的二分性是指月球正面和背面在形貌、成分、月壳厚度、岩浆活动等方面存在的显著差异,但其形成机制仍未得到解决,成为现今月球科学最大的关键问题之一。2024年6月25日14时,我国嫦娥六号月球探测器携带1935.3克月球样品返回地球,完成了人类首次从月球背面采样的壮举。这些样品采集于月球背面的南极-艾特肯盆地,该盆地是月球上最大、最深且最古老的盆地,为厘清月球正面和背面物质组成的差异、破解月球二分性之谜提供了难得的机遇。

  研究发现,嫦娥六号样品主要由着陆区原地的低钛月海玄武岩和少量来源于着陆区东侧的超低钛月海玄武岩组成。研究人员利用超高空间分辨率SIMS定年技术和激光剥蚀多接收电感耦合等离体质谱技术,分别对玄武岩屑中微小含锆矿物(<5微米)以及斜长石和晚期填隙物开展了微区Pb-Pb和Sr-Nd同位素分析,标定嫦娥六号低钛玄武岩形成于距今28.3亿年前的火山喷发,揭示月球背面同样存在着距今30亿年以来的年轻的火山活动。

  与采自月球正面的样品相比,嫦娥六号样品具有极低的值(238U/204Pb)和初始Sr同位素比值,以及迄今为止报道的最高的Nd值,指示其具有一个十分亏损不相容元素的月幔源区。这样的月幔源区难以发生显著规模的熔融及相应的玄武岩火山活动,并最终导致了南极-艾特肯盆地内缺乏大规模的月海玄武岩。

  传统观点认为,月球背面的月壳较厚,抑制了月海玄武岩喷发,导致月球正面和背面的月海分布不对称。然而这一模型不能解释为什么月壳很薄的南极-艾特肯盆地也匮乏大规模的月海玄武岩。本次研究表明,月海玄武岩的分布除受月壳厚度影响外,月幔源区的物质组成也是重要的控制因素。

  此外,本研究获得的年龄数据还弥补了月球撞击历史研究在至今约32–20亿年间缺乏样品标定的空白,更新了行星地质学领域广泛使用的撞击坑统计定年曲线。新获取的定年曲线显示月球在经历早期高频率的小天体撞击后,撞击频率快速下降,在28.3亿年前已达到整体稳定的状态。

  (央视新闻客户端 总台记者 朱子荣 黎冠强)

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