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“中国老太的BBB”-知识课堂

中新健康丨如中国老太的BBB何防治诺如病毒感染?疾控专家给出5点建议

来源: 观察者网
2024-11-06 20:35:51

最佳回答

“中国老太的BBB”中新健康丨如中国老太的BBB何防治诺如病毒感染?疾控专家给出5点建议

  中新中国老太的BBB网11月6日电 国家卫生中国老太的BBB健康委6日召开新闻发布会,介绍“时令节气与健康”有关情况。谈及如何防治诺如病毒感染,中国疾病预防控制中心研究员彭质斌给出5点建议。

  彭质斌表示,诺如病毒是导致急性胃肠炎最常见的病原体之一,这个病传染性很强,而且传播途径非常多样,主要是通过摄入被患者粪便或者呕吐物污染的食物、水,或者是接触患者的粪便或者呕吐物,同时也可能吸入患者在呕吐时产生的气溶胶,另外也可以通过间接接触被患者的粪便或者呕吐物污染的物体或者是环境等方式感染。感染后主要的症状是呕吐和腹泻,其次还有恶心、腹痛,包括发热、畏寒或者是肌肉酸痛等症状。

  诺如病毒急性胃肠炎大多都是自限性疾病,但多数症状比较轻,不需要特殊治疗,大概休息2-3天是可以康复的。对于婴幼儿、老年人,特别是有基础性疾病的老年人,如果出现频繁的呕吐或者腹泻,导致出现脱水等比较严重的症状要及时进行治疗。

  彭质斌称,诺如病毒急性胃肠炎高发的季节,建议做到以下几方面:

  一是注意手卫生。饭前、便后或者加工食物前一定要按照正确的洗手方法,用肥皂和流水进行洗手,用消毒纸巾或者免洗的消毒剂其实是不能代替洗手的。

  二是注意食品和饮水安全。加工处理食品时应该做到生、熟分开。另外是蔬菜瓜果这些要彻底洗净,烹饪食物的时候要煮熟,特别是对于贝类、海鲜类食品。另外是不要饮用生水。

  三是减少接触。主要是指诺如病毒急性胃肠炎患者在有症状期间和症状消失后的2-3天内,要尽量避免和他人接触,因为这时候是具有传染性的时期。在患病期间,症状消失后2-3天要避免给他人准备食物,要避免从事医疗或者照护工作。

  四是要做好消毒工作。在发生呕吐时,应尽快疏散集中的人群,做好通风,同时要用含氯消毒剂对污染的环境和物品进行规范的消毒处理。

  五是要增强抵抗力。保持合理的作息、合理膳食、适量运动等等,从而提高身体的抵抗力,来减少感染。

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