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解惑“拔萝卜生猴子”-梳理天下新闻

果蝇“飞天”拔萝卜生猴子 专家揭秘中国空间站首次果蝇实验

来源: 华尔街见闻中国版
2024-11-15 23:50:43

最佳回答

“拔萝卜生猴子”果蝇“飞天”拔萝卜生猴子 专家揭秘中国空间站首次果蝇实验

  中新拔萝卜生猴子网海南文昌11月15日拔萝卜生猴子电 (马帅莎 周昕)11月15日晚,天舟八号货运飞船在文昌航天发射场成功发射,为中国空间站送去多项空间科学实验项目,其中包含亚磁果蝇实验。科学家将首次在中国空间站开展亚磁—微重力环境对果蝇基因、行为和生存繁衍的影响研究。

  这次“飞天”的果蝇有何特点?中国科学院生物物理研究所研究员李岩介绍称,科研人员挑选了不同发育阶段的果蝇,一种是“怀孕”状态的雌果蝇,另一种是雌雄参半的蛹。

  “雌果蝇繁殖能力很强,一生可以产出数百个后代,为了在飞行过程中控制后代数量,我们做了许多预演实验,成虫每个单元挑选了15只‘怀孕’的雌果蝇。”李岩说,同时,团队也希望后续在太空孵化出雄果蝇,以便观察雌雄果蝇的求偶、交配、互动等行为。

  太空果蝇实验怎么开展?李岩表示,科研人员先在空间站增设了一个磁屏蔽装置,里面的磁场水平接近于0,也就是亚磁环境,再将一组雌果蝇和一组蛹的培养盒放置其中,观察果蝇在亚磁复合微重力环境下的生物学反应,比如生长、发育及行为变化。此外,科研人员还在空间站设置了一个地磁对照组,里面也包括一组果蝇和一组蛹。

  李岩称,科学家在地面研究中发现,当缺少地球磁场时,果蝇的睡眠节律等行为会发生变化。“我们希望将果蝇‘送上天’,去看看在太空微重力和亚磁情况下,果蝇会发生哪些行为变化,获取一手资料。”

  将果蝇实验“搬上天”有何难点?李岩指出,在果蝇培养过程中,果蝇的转移是最复杂的操作之一。航天员需要把产卵后的果蝇转移至新的培养盒,之后还要将新孵化的果蝇转移至另一个培养盒。这一操作每隔几天就要重复一次,并且受微重力环境影响,转移方式相比地面更复杂,需要借助风力来转移。

  李岩表示,这项实验旨在探究缺乏地球磁场对生物行为和基因表达的影响,将有助于研究人类大脑感知磁场的方式以及磁场对神经系统的影响。(完)

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