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社评“一小孩和妈妈一起拔萝卜”-知识课堂

中国科研人员找一小孩和妈妈一起拔萝卜到金属表面稳定超疏水新路径

来源: 江西日报
2024-11-07 01:45:45

最佳回答

“一小孩和妈妈一起拔萝卜”中国科研人员找一小孩和妈妈一起拔萝卜到金属表面稳定超疏水新路径

  中新一小孩和妈妈一起拔萝卜网长春11月6日电 (记一小孩和妈妈一起拔萝卜者 郭佳)记者6日从中国科学院长春光机所获悉,该所科研人员创新性地利用飞秒激光元素掺杂与循环低温退火相结合的加工处理技术,打造出无需有机涂层也可实现持久保持的超疏水金属表面。

  自然界中存在很多超疏水现象。比如,出淤泥而不染一小孩和妈妈一起拔萝卜的荷花,在水上行走而不划破水面的昆虫,都是因为具备超疏水性能的缘故。金属表面超疏水在自清洁、防腐、减阻和防冰等领域有着广阔应用前景。

仿生蚁穴微结构中形成次晶态的自激活超疏水金属表面示意图。 (中国科学院长春光机所供图)

  当前,金属表面超疏水性能的实现大都依赖于传统的二元协同设计思想,即首先在材料表面制作微/纳米结构,然后再采用低表面能有机物进行修饰,但是这种方法在实际腐蚀性环境中容易遭受侵蚀性离子的渗透,从而引发超疏水化学耐久性的显著下降。

  对此,中国科学院长春光机所微纳光子学与材料国际实验室杨建军团队提出了飞秒激光元素掺杂微纳结构(FLEM)与循环低温退火(RLA)相结合的研究方法,在金属铝合金表面构建了一种以次晶相态为主导的仿生蚁穴状结构(BAT),成功实现了高效稳定的自启动超疏水效果。

  实验结果表明,以这种新方法制造的金属样品在长达2000小时的腐蚀性盐水浸泡后,表面依然能够保持良好的超疏水性能,甚至在经过强烈的电化学反应测试后,材料表面的超疏水特性也依然能够保持,实验测得的腐蚀电流较未加工样品表面降低了5个数量级。

  据悉,这一突破不仅为超疏水领域开辟了广阔的前景,还为基于原子尺度调控的高性能材料表面设计与开发提供了全新的研究思路。(完)

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